This work was taken from a ukiyo-e (浮世絵)Japanese print created by Kobayashi Kiyochika (小林清親,1847-1915), a representative ukiyo-e artist of the Meiji era. The print, titled "Sino-Japanese War, 1894-1895," depicts a Western missionary providing medical treatment to the Chinese ambassador Li Hung-chang (李鴻章)while he is having a nightmare of the advance of the Japanese army. Although the print sarcastically exaggerated the disproportionate military strength between Japan and China, it illustrated how Western missionaries introduced Western medicine and provided medical services during war time in the 19th century